Google's Matt Cutts tweeted over the weekend that in 2011, Google's search quality team will look at cloaking techniques and possibly take action on techniques they have not focused on in the past.
He said:
Google will more at cloaking in Q1 2011. Not just page content matters; avoid different headers/redirects to Googlebot instead of users.
So Google admits here on some level they were taking action on cloaking page content, but now they are also going to pay attention to aspects users and bots may not 'see' on a page, such as the meta headers and the redirects.
Tedster said in a WebmasterWorld thread, "I'm hoping that a "false positives" period after any particular change isn't too extreme. At any rate, if I do see any dramatic ranking drops this coming year, high on my checklist will be "Google suspects cloaking"." But like most, I also thought Google did target the different headers/redirects, maybe they didn't?
There is a ton of confusion about what Matt meant in his 136 character tweet. Many SEOs and Webmasters would really love to hear more detail, preferably in a blog post. Most are worried about 'false positives' and collateral damage.
Forum discussion at WebmasterWorld and Cre8asite Forums.

Comments:
norcalseo
12/28/2010 02:56 pm
Does this impact things like serving an HTML-based page instead of Flash to the engines or users without JavaScript enabled? I work with a lot of clients who demand Flash (often a lot :( ) and so I've often pushed in this direction to make up for it.
Jaan Kanellis
12/28/2010 05:15 pm
Besides Google First Click what is the best way to get paid content indexed in Google without using cloaking?
Jaan Kanellis
12/28/2010 05:15 pm
Besides Google First Click what is the best way to get paid content indexed in Google without using cloaking?
Barry Schwartz
12/28/2010 05:17 pm
Um, offer a free version of it with option to pay for more.
AndyBeard
12/30/2010 12:46 pm
So if I am using user agent sniffing to identify browser capabilities to deliver html5 javascript flash content in an iframe, or maybe directly on a page, possibly a bit like Youtube html5 beta or other sites, which version should I serve Googlebot? I am tempted to treat Googlebot as Chrome
Luke Armstrong
07/10/2011 09:05 pm
I have been trying to SEO my site http://www.2points4honesty.com/, but have no idea how....